Fast Cars and No Brakes: Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation as a Platform for Novel Immunotherapies

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2016 Jan;22(1):17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2015.10.014. Epub 2015 Oct 17.

Abstract

Autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) is indicated in a number of hematologic malignancies, including multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma. Relapse, however, remains 1 of the main causes of post-ASCT failure, and several strategies are being investigated to decrease the risk of relapse of progression. Recent advances in the treatment of hematological malignancies have included adoptive transfer of genetically modified T cells that express chimeric antigen receptors or T cell receptors, as well the use of checkpoint inhibitors. Early clinical results in nontransplantation patients have been very promising. This review will focus on the use of gene-modified T cells and checkpoint inhibitors in stem cell transplantation.

Keywords: Adoptive cell therapy; Autologous stem cell transplantation; Checkpoint inhibitors; Immunotherapy; Lymphoma; Myeloma.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adoptive Transfer*
  • Animals
  • Autografts
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / genetics
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / immunology
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Hematologic Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Humans
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / genetics
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / immunology*
  • Stem Cell Transplantation*
  • T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • T-Lymphocytes / transplantation

Substances

  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell