[Cryosurgery in dermatology]

Hautarzt. 2015 Nov;66(11):834-48. doi: 10.1007/s00105-015-3703-0.
[Article in German]

Abstract

This article provides information on the clinical development of skin reactions after cryosurgery/cryotherapy and the indications, complications and contraindications of skin cryosurgery. Successful skin cryosurgery requires rapid freezing and slow thawing, minimum tissue temperature of -25 to -60℃ and, in malignant lesions, repetition of the freeze-thaw cycle. Frozen tissue reacts with peripheral erythema immediately after thawing, followed by edema, bulla formation, exudation and mumification. Lesions usually heal with a fine atrophic scar after approximately 4 weeks. Nowadays, cryosurgery is considered the treatment of choice in hypertrophic scars and keloids, granuloma annulare, small capillary infantile hemangioma and isolated actinic keratoses. It is also a valuable alternative therapy for various other skin diseases, including common warts, solar lentigo, superficial basal cell carcinoma and Kaposi's sarcoma. Cryosurgery is a safe regimen with relatively few adverse effects and contraindications. Pain during and/or shortly after treatment, bulla formation and local edema are the major temporary adverse effects; lesional hypopigmentation and/or peripheral hyperpigmentation is the most common long-term complication.

Publication types

  • English Abstract
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cryosurgery / adverse effects*
  • Cryosurgery / trends*
  • Dermatologic Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
  • Dermatologic Surgical Procedures / trends*
  • Dermatology / trends
  • Edema / etiology*
  • Edema / prevention & control
  • Evidence-Based Medicine
  • Humans
  • Pain, Postoperative / etiology*
  • Pain, Postoperative / prevention & control
  • Skin Diseases / pathology
  • Skin Diseases / surgery*
  • Treatment Outcome