Objective: To study the effect of underground work on cardiovascular system health in coal miners.
Methods: Male coal miners, who received electrocardiographic examinations between June, 2013 and August, 2014 in Hunan Prevention and Treatment Institute for Occupational Diseases to exclude pneumoconiosis, were enrolled for this study (n=3 134). Miners with 2 years or more underground work experience were selected as the exposed group (n=2 370), while miners without underground work experience were selected as the control group (n=764). The prevalence of electrocardiographic abnormalities and the influential factors were compared between the 2 groups.
Results: The prevalences of electrocardiographic abnormalities, hypertension, heart rate abnormalities and cardiovascular system abnormalities in the exposed group vs the control group were 37.6% vs 25.4%, 20.5% vs 13.4%, 5.7% vs 6.0%, 49.8% vs 35.2%, respectively. The cardiovascular system abnormalities were correlated with the underground work (OR=3.128, 95% CI: 1.969-4.970), the underground work experience (OR=1.205, 95% CI: 1.070-1.358) and the type of works (mining worker OR=1.820, 95% CI: 1.527-2.169; auxiliary worker OR=1.937, 95% CI: 1.511-2.482; other worker OR=3.291, 95%CI: 2.120-5.109).
Conclusion: Underground work may increase the prevalence of cardiovascular system abnormalities for coal miners. The longer the coal miners work in underground, the higher the risk of the cardiovascular system abnormalities they are.
目的：探讨煤矿井下作业对工人心血管系统健康的影响。方法：以2013年6月至2014年8月在湖南省职业病防治院进行职业健康检查且资料完整的男性煤矿工人3 134例为研究对象。选择井下作业工龄2年及以上的工人为暴露组(n=2 370)，无井下作业史的地面作业工人为对照组(n=764)，比较两组心血管系统的异常率及其影响因素。 结果：暴露组与对照组心电图异常检出率分别为37.6%和25.4%；高血压检出率分别为20.5%和13.4%；心率异常检出率分别为5.7%和6.0%；暴露组与对照组总的心血管系统异常率分别为49.8%和35.2%，差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。心血管系统异常的发生与调查对象的井下作业(OR=3.128，95%CI：1.969~4.970)、井下作业工龄(OR=1.205，95%CI：1.070~1.358)及工种(采掘工OR=1.820，95%CI：1.527~2.169；井辅工OR=1.937，95%CI：1.511~2.482；其他OR=3.291，95%CI：2.120~5.109)有关。结论：井下作业可增加煤矿工人心血管系统异常的风险，井下作业工龄越长，风险 越高。.