"New Breeding Techniques" (NBTs) are a group of recent innovations in plant breeding using molecular biology tools. It is becoming evident that NBTs can introduce advantageous traits for agriculture that could be commercially available very soon However, there is still a need of clarifying its regulatory status, particularly in regards to worldwide regulations on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs). This article reviews the meaning of the NBTs concept, performs an overall regulatory analysis of these technologies and reports the first regulation in the world that is applied to these technologies, which was issued by the Argentine Government.
Keywords: CPB, Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety;; DNA, Deoxyribonucleic acid;; GMO regulation; GMO, genetically modified organisms;; LMO, Living modified organism;; MNs, Mega Nucleases;; NBTs; NBTs, New Breeding Techniques;; ODM, Oligonucleotide-Directed Mutation;; RNA, Ribonucleic acid;; RNAi, RNA interference; RdDM, RNA-Dependent DNA Methylation;; SDN, Site –Directed Nucleases;; TALENs, TAL Effector Nucleases;; ZFNs, Zinc Finger Nucleases;; agriculture; biosafety; gene editing; gene targeting; genetic modification.