It is impracticable to compare the variety of techniques advocated for thallium-technetium (Tl-Tc) subtraction parathyroid imaging by repeated studies in patients. We therefore carried out studies using a phantom assembly to simulate thyroid and parathyroid in the neck, containing activities of 99Tcm and 201Tl similar to those likely to be present in patient imaging. An initial study of imaging protocol confirmed that correction for scatter from 99Tcm in the 201Tl window usefully improved the image. After making a preliminary selection of gamma cameras and collimators it was found that the GE Maxicamera 400T just visualized the 0.3 g "parathyroid" in a 5 min image with the pinhole collimator and 6 mm insert (A). It performed slightly less well with the HR converging collimator (B) and only marginally better with the 4 mm insert (C), but this is unduly slow unless it is placed close enough to limit the field of view unacceptably. The Siemens Orbiter 75 ZLC with special thyroid collimator (D) gave results similar to (A), is convenient for positioning the patient and is very suitable for parathyroid imaging.