Metabolic syndrome update

Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2016 May;26(4):364-73. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2015.10.004. Epub 2015 Oct 31.

Abstract

The metabolic syndrome is a multiplex risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. It is composed of atherogenic dyslipidemia, elevated blood pressure, insulin resistance and elevated glucose, a pro-thrombotic state, and a pro-inflammatory state. Excess energy intake and concomitant obesity are the major drivers of the syndrome. Lifestyle intervention can reverse metabolic risk factors, but at times, drug therapies or bariatric surgery may be required to control more overt risk factors.

Keywords: Diabetes; Dyslipidemia; Hypertension; Metabolic syndrome; Nutrition; Obesity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Atherosclerosis / diagnosis
  • Atherosclerosis / epidemiology
  • Atherosclerosis / therapy
  • Bariatric Surgery
  • Cardiovascular Agents / therapeutic use
  • Dyslipidemias / diagnosis
  • Dyslipidemias / epidemiology
  • Dyslipidemias / therapy
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / diagnosis
  • Hyperglycemia / epidemiology
  • Hyperglycemia / therapy
  • Hypertension / diagnosis
  • Hypertension / epidemiology
  • Hypertension / therapy
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Hypolipidemic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Metabolic Syndrome* / diagnosis
  • Metabolic Syndrome* / epidemiology
  • Metabolic Syndrome* / therapy
  • Obesity / diagnosis
  • Obesity / epidemiology
  • Obesity / therapy
  • Risk Factors
  • Risk Reduction Behavior
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Cardiovascular Agents
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Hypolipidemic Agents