Effectiveness of the low-glucose suspend feature of insulin pump during fasting during Ramadan in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2016 Sep;32(6):623-33. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2781. Epub 2016 May 11.

Abstract

Background: Severe hypoglycaemia during the daytime of Ramadan fasting is a highly feared complication. In a prospective study, we investigated the effect of the low-glucose suspend (LGS) algorithm on the frequency of hypoglycaemia in adolescents with T1DM who wished to fast during Ramadan.

Subjects and methods: Sixty patients (19 males and 41 females, 15.6 ± 2.7 years, duration of diabetes 5.8 ± 2.9 years, pump therapy for 1.73 ± 0.99 years, used the Paradigm(®) Veo(™) System (Medtronic) and were divided into two groups: first (n=25), those who used the sensor with low-glucose suspend (LGS) feature and second (n = 35), those who used the sensor but turned off low-glucose suspend (LGS) feature.

Results: A total of 2716 LGS alerts occurred, and 48.6% began in the afternoon between 4pm and 7pm. The mean duration of LGS events was 26.5 min, 38% lasted for <5 min and 5.3% lasted for 120 min. Among these episodes, the mean sensor glucose was 62.3 ± 5.96 mg/dL at LGS activation, rose to 129.8 ± 11.6 mg/dL by the end of the LGS episode (when insulin delivery was automatically resumed) and was 155.6 ± 11.1 mg/dL at 240 min. LGS usage significantly reduced area under the curve (AUC) <70, AUC <60 mg/dL (p = 0.0001) and >240 mg/dL (p = 0.006). None of the LGS-on group broke their fast versus 15 in the second group (p = 0.001). No episodes of severe hyperglycaemia or DKA were noticed in either groups.

Conclusions: Usage of low-glucose suspend (LGS) significantly reduced exposure to hypoglycaemia without compromising safety. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Keywords: Ramadan fasting; hypoglycaemia; insulin pump therapy; low-glucose suspend (LGS); type 1 diabetes.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Biomarkers / analysis
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring*
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / drug therapy*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Glycated Hemoglobin / analysis
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / prevention & control
  • Hypoglycemia / prevention & control
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / administration & dosage*
  • Insulin / administration & dosage*
  • Insulin Infusion Systems
  • Male
  • Monitoring, Ambulatory
  • Prognosis
  • Prospective Studies
  • Religion
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Insulin
  • hemoglobin A1c protein, human