Validation of the English-language version of 5-item Oral Health Impact Profile

Amruta Naik; Mike T John; Nidhi Kohli; Karl Self; Priscilla Flynn

doi:10.1016/j.jpor.2015.12.003

Validation of the English-language version of 5-item Oral Health Impact Profile

J Prosthodont Res. 2016 Apr;60(2):85-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jpor.2015.12.003. Epub 2016 Jan 11.

Authors

Amruta Naik¹, Mike T John², Nidhi Kohli³, Karl Self⁴, Priscilla Flynn⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address: naikx029@umn.edu.
² Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
³ Department of Educational Psychology, University of Minnesota, 56 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
⁴ Department of Primary Dental Care, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, 515 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

Abstract

Purpose: The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) is currently the most widely used oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) instrument. The study validated the English-language 5-item OHIP by investigating its psychometric properties of dimensionality, reliability, and validity in the adult general population.

Methods: In 405 subjects (mean age 45+15.7 years, 63% female) from the 2014 Minnesota State Fair, dimensionality was investigated by confirmatory factor analysis. Construct validity was assessed by using a structural equation model correlating OHRQoL and self-reported global oral health status. Reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha for OHIP5 total scores.

Results: In the confirmatory factor analysis, the unidimensional model fit OHIP5 well as indicated by fit indices (RMSEA: 0.07, SRMR: 0.03, comparative fit indices: >0.95). In the structural equation model, self-reported global oral health status correlated with 0.46 with the latent OHRQoL factor, indicating sufficient construct validity. Cronbach's alpha, a measure of score reliability, was "satisfactory" with 0.75.

Conclusion: We validated the English-language version of OHIP5 in the adult general population. Ultrashort instruments such as the 5-item OHIP provide a conceptually appealing and technically feasible opportunity to measure the impact of oral disorders and dental interventions in settings such as general dental practice where the burden to collect and interpret OHRQoL information needs to be minimized.

Keywords: Dimensionality; Oral Health Impact Profile; Oral health related quality of life; Reliability; Validity.

Publication types

Validation Study

MeSH terms

Adult
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Female
Health Impact Assessment*
Humans
Language*
Male
Middle Aged
Oral Health*
Psychometrics
Quality of Life*
Reproducibility of Results
Surveys and Questionnaires*

Grants and funding

R01 DE022331/DE/NIDCR NIH HHS/United States