Physical Profile and Impact of a Calcium-Incorporated Implant Surface on Preosteoblastic Cell Morphologic and Differentiation Parameters: A Comparative Analysis

Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants. 2016 Jan-Feb;31(1):223-31. doi: 10.11607/jomi.4247.

Abstract

Purpose: To assess and compare topographic features and preosteoblastic cell responses of a new hydrothermally treated, calcium-incorporated surface against other commercially available implant surfaces.

Materials and methods: Four different surfaces were the subject of comparison in this study: machined (MC), resorbable blast media (RBM), sandblasted/large-grit/acid-etched (SLA), and calcium-incorporated SLA (Ca-SLA). Surface morphology and roughness were first characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and white light interferometer, respectively. Preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were then cultured on the titanium surfaces. Cell morphology was observed at 24 hours, 48 hours, 7 days, and 15 days by SEM; differentiation was assessed at 7, 11, and 15 days by assaying alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin (OCN) levels.

Results: Surface characterization revealed nanotopographic features on Ca-SLA. At topographic analysis, SLA and Ca-SLA showed similar roughness values. Significant differences in cell differentiation parameters were found only at 15 days between the SLA surfaces (both Ca-incorporated and nonincorporated) and MC.

Conclusion: Collectively, this study demonstrated that hydrothermal treatment determines the formation of nanotopography without altering the SLA microtopography. Moreover, Ca-SLA and SLA induce MC3T3-E1 cell differentiation at comparable levels.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • 3T3 Cells
  • Acid Etching, Dental / methods
  • Alkaline Phosphatase / analysis
  • Animals
  • Calcium / chemistry*
  • Cell Culture Techniques
  • Cell Differentiation / physiology
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cell Shape / physiology
  • Dental Etching / methods
  • Dental Materials / chemistry*
  • Interferometry / methods
  • Light
  • Materials Testing
  • Mice
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Nanostructures / chemistry
  • Osteoblasts / cytology*
  • Osteocalcin / analysis
  • Surface Properties
  • Time Factors
  • Titanium / chemistry*

Substances

  • Dental Materials
  • Osteocalcin
  • Titanium
  • Alkaline Phosphatase
  • Calcium