Background: Hippocampal sclerosis is the most common cause of drug-resistant epilepsy amenable for surgical treatment and seizure control. The rationale of the selective amygdalohippocampectomy is to spare cerebral tissue not included in the seizure generator.
Method: Describe the selective amygdalohippocampectomy through the trans-superior temporal gyrus keyhole approach.
Conclusion: Selective amygdalohippocampectomy for temporal lobe epilepsy is performed when the data (semiology, neuroimaging, electroencephalography) point to the mesial temporal structures. The trans-superior temporal gyrus keyhole approach is a minimally invasive and safe technique that allows disconnection of the temporal stem and resection of temporomesial structures.
Keywords: Epilepsy surgery; Hippocampal sclerosis; Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy; Selective amygdalohippocampectomy; Transcortical approach.