One of the urgent problems of Endocrinology is the study of the mechanisms of formation and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) type 2. Prognosis depends on the stage of NAFLD in which the changes occur and secretion of adipocytokines in the first place, adiponectin. The aim of the study was to: define adiponectin levels in the circulation of patients with type 2 diabetes at different stages of NAFLD and its impact on the detection of metabolic changes, the establishment of linkages with carbohydrate, lipid, protein metabolism, and liver function. The study determined the relevance of the study of pathogenetic mechanisms of NAFLD in the future, because the violation of metabolic control and reduce the protective properties of adipocytokines in patients with comorbid disorders is of great interest to further improve diagnostic capabilities, prevent complications and improve the quality of life of these patients.