Ticagrelor and aspirin for the prevention of cardiovascular events after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

Heart. 2016 May 15;102(10):763-9. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2015-308691. Epub 2016 Feb 18.

Abstract

Background: Ticagrelor was shown to reduce mortality in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), but its effect on graft patency is unknown.

Methods: We performed a prospective, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, comparing ticagrelor 90 mg twice daily versus placebo for 3 months added to aspirin 81 mg/day, following isolated CABG. Aspirin was started within 12 h, and study medication within 72 h after CABG. Primary outcome was graft occlusion on CT angiography (CTA) performed 3 months post CABG. Patients were followed to 12 months for death, myocardial infarction, stroke, repeat revascularisation and bleeding.

Results: The study was terminated prematurely after randomising 70 patients between September 2011 and August 2014 because of slow recruitment. CTA was performed in 56 patients who completed >1 month of study drug. Graft occlusion occurred in 7/25 (28.0%) patients on ticagrelor and 17/31 (48.3%) on placebo, p=0.044. Of 207 analysable grafts, graft occlusion occurred in 9/87 (10.3%) with ticagrelor and 22/120 (18.3%) with placebo, p=0.112. Graft occlusion or stenosis ≥50% occurred in 10/87 (11.5%) ticagrelor vs 32/120 (26.7%) placebo, p=0.007. There was no major bleeding, but minor bleeding was higher with ticagrelor (31.4% vs 2.9%, p=0.003). In univariate analysis, ticagrelor use reduced graft occlusion (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.10 to 0.97, p=0.047), which remained significant on multivariable analysis (OR 0.25, 95% CI 0.073 to 0.873, p=0.03).

Conclusions: Ticagrelor added to aspirin after CABG reduced the proportion of patients with graft occlusion, and was a significant univariate and multivariable predictor of graft occlusion. These results are hypothesis-generating and should be confirmed in larger studies.

Trial registration number: NCT01373411: Results.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adenosine / adverse effects
  • Adenosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Adenosine / therapeutic use
  • Aged
  • Aspirin / adverse effects
  • Aspirin / therapeutic use*
  • British Columbia
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Computed Tomography Angiography
  • Coronary Angiography / methods
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / adverse effects*
  • Coronary Artery Bypass / mortality
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Artery Disease / mortality
  • Coronary Artery Disease / surgery*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Early Termination of Clinical Trials
  • Female
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / diagnostic imaging
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / etiology
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / physiopathology
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular / prevention & control*
  • Hemorrhage / chemically induced
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Odds Ratio
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / adverse effects
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Ticagrelor
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Patency / drug effects*

Substances

  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Ticagrelor
  • Adenosine
  • Aspirin

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01373411