Effects of cisplatin chemotherapy on the osseointegration of titanium implants

Haytham Al-Mahalawy; Hesham F Marei; Hatem Abuohashish; Hussain Alhawaj; Munir Alrefaee; Badr Al-Jandan

doi:10.1016/j.jcms.2016.01.012

Effects of cisplatin chemotherapy on the osseointegration of titanium implants

J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2016 Apr;44(4):337-46. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.01.012. Epub 2016 Jan 22.

Authors

Haytham Al-Mahalawy¹, Hesham F Marei², Hatem Abuohashish³, Hussain Alhawaj⁴, Munir Alrefaee⁵, Badr Al-Jandan⁶

Affiliations

¹ Biomedical Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: haelmahalawy@uod.edu.sa.
² Biomedical Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: hmarei@uod.edu.sa.
³ Biomedical Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: habuohashish@uod.edu.sa.
⁴ Center of Research and Medical Consultation, University of Dammam, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: Haalhawaj@uod.edu.sa.
⁵ Department of Internal Medicine, Oncology & Hematology, College of Medicine, University of Dammam, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: mrefaee@uod.edu.sa.
⁶ Biomedical Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, University of Dammam, P.O. Box 1982, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: baljandan@uod.edu.sa.

PMID: 26895777
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcms.2016.01.012

Abstract

Purpose: The effect of chemotherapy on the osseointegration of dental implants has received less interest compared with radiotherapy. Thus, the aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of cisplatin chemotherapy on the osseointegration of dental implants in a rabbit model.

Materials and methods: Sixteen New Zealand White rabbits were randomly assigned to two groups of treatment of either cisplatin at 2.5 mg/kg/week for 4 weeks (n = 8) or placebo (n = 8), in which the first dose was administered 2 days prior to the surgical procedure. Each rabbit received one titanium dental implant inserted in the right distal femoral condyle. Four rabbits from each group were sacrificed 4 and 8 weeks after implant insertion. Osseointegration of the dental implants was analysed using micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric evaluation.

Results: Analysis of micro-computed tomography data and histomorphometric data showed that the osseointegration parameters, including the ratio of bone volume to total volume (BV/TV) and bone-implant contact (BIC%) for the cisplatin group, were significantly lower compared to the control group at 4 and 8 weeks. (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusion: Cisplatin chemotherapy had a negative effect on the osseointegration of dental implants when inserted throughout the chemotherapeutic regimens in a rabbit model.

Keywords: Chemotherapy; Cisplatin; Dental implants; Histomorphometry; Micro-computed tomography; Osseointegration.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Cisplatin / pharmacology*
Dental Implantation, Endosseous*
Osseointegration / drug effects*
Osseointegration / physiology
Rabbits
Surface Properties
Titanium*
X-Ray Microtomography

Substances

Titanium
Cisplatin