Purpose: This systematic review was performed to summarize published data on lipidomic and metabolomic risk markers of coronary artery disease.
Methods: Studies were identified from a literature search of PubMed.
Results: Published data shows that analysis of metabolites and lipids offers an opportunity to increase our knowledge of the biological processes related to development and progression of atherosclerotic coronary disease. It is evident that advanced analytical technologies are able to detect and identify a large number of molecules that may have important structural and functional roles over and above currently used biomarkers in the cardiovascular field. It is suggested in a number of reports that the novel biomarkers can be used to improve risk stratification and patient selection for different treatments. Also, monitoring treatment efficacy and safety as well as lifestyle changes should be facilitated by such novel markers.
Conclusion: Until now a plethora of biomarker candidates associated with cardiovascular event risk have been identified, but very few have passed through clinical and analytical validation and found their way into clinical use. Consequently, the appetite of physicians to use these novel tests in daily clinical routine has not yet been truly tested.
Keywords: Atherosclerosis; Biomarker; Coronary artery disease; Lipidomics; Lipids; Metabolites; Metabolomics.