Background: Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare, heterogeneous, indolent tumors that are relatively insensitive to systemic chemotherapy. Therapeutic strategies for NETs broadly include somatostatin analogs, antiangiogenic therapy, and most recently, mammalian target of rapamycin inhibition. Combination therapy has shown promising antitumor activity and good tolerability in the randomized phase III trials.
Aim: The aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Everolimus plus Octreotide long-acting repeatable (LAR) in patients with advanced NETs in the routine tertiary cancer care setting in India in this postapproval, noninterventional trial.
Patients and methods: Patients presenting to selected centers between 2011 and 2013 with histologically confirmed low-, intermediate- or high-grade advanced NETs who may have had prior exposure to cytotoxic chemotherapy (≤2 lines) were treated with oral Everolimus (10 mg/day) plus intramuscular Octreotide LAR (30 mg once every 28 days) until disease progression or unacceptable toxicity was seen. Patients were evaluated every 3 months for a response to therapy as per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors.
Results: Everolimus plus Octreotide LAR was associated with a clinical benefit rate of 69% (best evaluable responses: Stable disease [SD] in 10 patients [63%], partial response in 1 patient [6%]). The average duration of therapy was 4.8 cycles, and 3 (17%) patients continued therapy for ≥12 cycles (all achieved SD). The therapy was found to be well-tolerated in all patients.
Conclusions: Everolimus plus Octreotide LAR appears to be safe and efficacious in patients with advanced NETs who may have had prior exposure to chemotherapy - a finding consistent with recently conducted major trials.