The role of allergen components for the diagnosis of latex-induced occupational asthma

Allergy. 2016 Jun;71(6):840-9. doi: 10.1111/all.12872. Epub 2016 Apr 15.

Abstract

Background: Recombinant Hevea brasiliensis (rHev b) natural rubber latex (NRL) allergen components have been developed to assess the patients' allergen sensitization profile and to improve the diagnosis of NRL allergy.

Objective: To examine whether the determination of specific IgE (sIgE) reactivity to a panel of recombinant allergen components would be helpful for diagnosing NRL-induced occupational asthma (OA) in predicting the outcome of a specific inhalation test.

Methods: sIgE levels to NRL extract and 12 recombinant NRL allergen components were assessed in 82 subjects with OA ascertained by a positive specific inhalation challenge (SIC) with NRL gloves and in 25 symptomatic subjects with a negative challenge.

Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of a NRL-sIgE level ≥0.35 kUA /l as compared to the result of SICs were 94%, 48%, 86%, and 71%, respectively. The positive predictive value increased above 95% when increasing the cutoff value to 5.41 kUA /l. Subjects with a positive SIC showed a significantly higher rate of sIgE reactivity to rHev b 5, 6.01, 6.02, and 11 than those with a negative SIC. A sIgE sum score against rHev b 5 plus 6.01/6.02 ≥ 1.46 kUA /l provided a positive predictive value >95% with a higher sensitivity (79%) and diagnostic efficiency (Youden index: 0.67) as compared with a NRL-sIgE ≥5.41 kUA /l (49% and 0.41, respectively).

Conclusion: In suspected OA, high levels of sIgE against rHev b 5 combined with rHev b 6.01 or 6.02 are the most efficient predictors of a bronchial response to NRL.

Keywords: bronchial provocation test; component-resolved diagnosis; latex; occupational asthma; recombinant allergens.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Allergens / immunology*
  • Antigens, Plant / immunology
  • Asthma, Occupational / diagnosis*
  • Asthma, Occupational / drug therapy
  • Asthma, Occupational / immunology*
  • Biomarkers
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin E / blood
  • Immunoglobulin E / immunology
  • Latex / adverse effects*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Respiratory Function Tests
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Rubber / adverse effects
  • Sensitivity and Specificity

Substances

  • Allergens
  • Antigens, Plant
  • Biomarkers
  • Latex
  • Immunoglobulin E
  • Rubber