Cervical Cancer Screening Service Uptake and Associated Factors among Age Eligible Women in Mekelle Zone, Northern Ethiopia, 2015: A Community Based Study Using Health Belief Model

Hinsermu Bayu; Yibrah Berhe; Amlaku Mulat; Amare Alemu

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0149908

Cervical Cancer Screening Service Uptake and Associated Factors among Age Eligible Women in Mekelle Zone, Northern Ethiopia, 2015: A Community Based Study Using Health Belief Model

PLoS One. 2016 Mar 10;11(3):e0149908. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149908. eCollection 2016.

Authors

Hinsermu Bayu¹, Yibrah Berhe², Amlaku Mulat¹, Amare Alemu³

Affiliations

¹ Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
² Department of Obstetrics and gynaecology, College of Health Sciences, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.
³ Department of Midwifery, College of Health Sciences, Bahirdar University, Bahirdar, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer among women worldwide, with about 500,000 new patients diagnosed and over 250,000 deaths every year. Cervical cancer screening offers protective benefits and is associated with a reduction in the incidence of invasive cervical cancer and cervical cancer mortality. But there is very low participation rate in screening for cervical cancer among low and middle-income countries.

Objective: This study aimed to determine cervical cancer screening service uptake and its associated factor among age eligible women in Mekelle zone, northern Ethiopia, 2015.

Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted in Mekelle zone among age eligible women from February to June 2015. Systematic sampling technique was used to select 1286 women in to the study. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was used to collect relevant data. Data was entered and cleaned using EPINFO and analyzed using SPSS version 20 software package. Bivariate and Multivariate logistic regression was performed to assess association between dependent and independent variables with 95% CI and p-value less than 0.05 was set for association.

Results: The study revealed that among 1186 age eligible women, only 235(19.8%) have been screened for cervical cancer. Age (AOR = 1.799, 95%CI = 1.182-2.739), history of multiple sexual partners (AOR = 1.635, 95%CI = 1.094-2.443), history of sexually transmitted disease (AOR = 1.635,95%CI = 1.094-2.443), HIV sero status (AOR = 5.614, 95%CI = 2.595-12.144), perceived susceptibility to cervical cancer (AOR = 2.225, 95%CI = 1.308-3.783), perceived barriers to premalignant cervical lesions screening (AOR = 2.256, 95%CI = 1.447-3.517) and knowledge on cervical cancer and screening (AOR = 2.355, 95%CI = 1.155-4.802) were significant predictors of cervical cancer screening service uptake.

Conclusion: Magnitude of cervical cancer screening service uptake among age eligible women is still unacceptably low. Age of the women, history of multiple sexual partners and sexually transmitted disease, HIV sero-positivity, Knowledge, Perceived susceptibility and Perceived Barrier were important predictors of cervical cancer screening service uptake.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Adult
Age Factors
Demography
Early Detection of Cancer*
Ethiopia
Female
Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
Health*
Humans
Models, Theoretical*
Multivariate Analysis
Reproduction
Residence Characteristics*
Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / diagnosis*

Grants and funding

Mekelle university funded the work as small scale research with a grant number of CHS-MU/21/2014. Mekelle university was involved in the project through monitoring and evaluation of the work from the very beginning to the result submission, including ethical approval.