NK Cells Respond to Haptens by the Activation of Calcium Permeable Plasma Membrane Channels

PLoS One. 2016 Mar 10;11(3):e0151031. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0151031. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

Natural Killer (NK) cells mediate innate immunity to infected and transformed cells. Yet, NK cells can also mount hapten-specific recall responses thereby contributing to contact hypersensitivity (CHS). However, since NK cells lack antigen receptors that are used by the adaptive immune system to recognize haptens, it is not clear if NK cells respond directly to haptens and, if so, what mediates these responses. Here we show that among four haptens the two that are known to induce NK cell-dependent CHS trigger the rapid influx of extracellular Ca2+ into NK cells and lymphocyte cell lines. Thus lymphocytes can respond to haptens independent of antigen presentation and antigen receptors. We identify the Ca2+-permeable cation channel TRPC3 as a component of the lymphocyte response to one of these haptens. These data suggest that the response to the second hapten is based on a distinct mechanism, consistent with the capacity of NK cells to discriminate haptens. These findings raise the possibility that antigen-receptor independent activation of immune cells contributes to CHS.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antigen Presentation
  • Calcium Channels / physiology*
  • Calcium Signaling
  • Cell Line
  • Cell Membrane Permeability
  • Dermatitis, Contact / immunology*
  • Epitopes
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Haptens / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Jurkat Cells
  • Killer Cells, Natural / drug effects*
  • Lymphocytes / metabolism
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • TRPC Cation Channels / metabolism
  • TRPC Cation Channels / physiology*

Substances

  • Calcium Channels
  • Epitopes
  • Haptens
  • TRPC Cation Channels
  • TRPC3 cation channel

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Oncosuisse grant KFS-02736-02-2011 to WH, and European Community FP7/2007-2013 grant agreement 613879 to HV.