BTS/ICS guideline for the ventilatory management of acute hypercapnic respiratory failure in adults

Affiliations

• ¹ British Thoracic Society, London, UK.
• ² St James's University Hospital, Leeds, UK.
• ³ Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
• ⁴ Department of Respiratory Research, University Hospitals of Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK.
• ⁵ Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
• ⁶ Department of Respiratory, Scottish Pulmonary Vascular Unit, Glasgow, UK.
• ⁷ Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
• ⁸ Academic Respiratory Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK North Bristol Lung Centre, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.
• ⁹ University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
• ¹⁰ Emergency Department, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Manchester, UK M13 9WL.
• ¹¹ University of Plymouth, Plymouth, UK.
• ¹² Department of Physiotherapy, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
• ¹³ Aintree University Hospital, Liverpool, UK.
• ¹⁴ CLAHRC, Imperial College, London, UK.
• ¹⁵ Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK.
• ¹⁶ Royal College of Physicians, London, UK.