Maternal and perinatal outcomes of pregnancies in women with cystic fibrosis--A single centre case-control study

Abstract

Background: Due to increased survival, more women with cystic fibrosis become pregnant. However, studies on the specificities of pregnancy in CF versus healthy women are lacking.

Methods: In this retrospective case-control study, we compared the maternal and perinatal outcomes of 33 pregnancies in CF women who delivered in our maternity ward from December 2000 to December 2013 and were matched to 66 controls.

Results: The median term of delivery was similar in cases and controls (38.1 ± 1.6 vs 38.4 ± 1.1 weeks gestation). Assisted reproductive technology pregnancies were more frequent in CF women (51% vs 3%, p < 0.001). In CF women, the initial BMI was lower (mean BMI 19.5 ± 2.4 vs 22.4 ± 4.9 kg/m(2); p = 0.001) and pre-existing diabetes was more frequent (30% vs 3%; p < 0.001). Those differences persisted during pregnancy for weight gain (9.1 ± 7.1 kg vs 13.3 ± 6.4 kg; p = 0.001) and diabetes (48% vs 8%; p < 0.001). Spontaneous labor and vaginal deliveries were less frequent in CF than in controls (respectively 45% vs 70%, p = 0.002; 51% vs 70%, p = 0.11). There was an equal number of caesarean sections (24% vs 21%; p = 0.80). Neonatal outcomes were similar in both groups, including birth weight (3042 ± 91 g vs 3119 ± 92 g).

Conclusions: Multidisciplinary care of pregnancy in women with CF resulted in maternal and perinatal outcomes similar to those found in women in the general population.

Keywords: Assisted reproductive technology; Cystic fibrosis; Diabetes; Pregnancy.