Atopic/allergic manifestations and skin-prick tests (SPT) to egg white, cow's milk (CM) and fish were evaluated during the first 18 months of life in two matched groups of infants with a family history of atopy/allergy. In one group (n = 65) the mothers had a diet free from eggs, CM and fish during the first 3 months postpartum, whereas the mothers in the other group (n = 50) consumed an ordinary diet. The diet of the infants was similar in both groups, i.e. CM was not supplied until 6 months of age, and eggs and fish not until 9 months of age. The incidence of atopic dermatitis was significantly lower in the maternal diet group during the first 6 months postpartum (10.8 and 28%, respectively) but not after that age. Other atopic/allergic manifestations did not differ and the number of positive SPT to egg white, CM or fish at 9 months of age was similar in both groups.