Goal motives and multiple-goal striving in sport and academia: A person-centered investigation of goal motives and inter-goal relations

J Sci Med Sport. 2016 Dec;19(12):1010-1014. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.03.001. Epub 2016 Mar 17.

Abstract

Objectives: This investigation extended the goal striving literature by examining motives for two goals being pursued simultaneously. Grounded in self-determination theory, we examined how student-athletes' motives for their sporting and academic goals were associated with inter-goal facilitation and interference.

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Methods: UK university student-athletes (n=204) identified their most important sporting and academic goals. They then rated their extrinsic, introjected, identified and intrinsic motives for these goals and completed questionnaires assessing inter-goal facilitation and interference.

Results: Using a person-centered approach via latent profile analysis, we identified three distinct profiles of goal motives. Auxiliary analyses showed that the profile with high identified motives for both goals reported greater inter-goal facilitation.

Conclusions: Extending the previous literature, the findings demonstrate the benefits of autonomous motives when simultaneously pursing goals in sport and academia.

Keywords: Goals; Inter-goal facilitation; Inter-goal interference; Latent profile analysis; Motivation; Self-determination theory.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological*
  • Adult
  • Athletes / psychology*
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Educational Status*
  • Female
  • Goals*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Motivation*
  • Personal Autonomy*
  • Sports*
  • Students / psychology*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • United Kingdom
  • Universities
  • Young Adult