Low c-Kit Expression Level Induced by Stem Cell Factor Does Not Compromise Transplantation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Abstract

The c-Kit expression level is decreased in regenerating bone marrow, and such bone marrow performs poorly when co-transplanted with normal bone marrow. We asked whether diminished numbers of c-Kit receptors on hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) after their internalization induced by the binding of the cytokine stem cell factor (SCF) would jeopardize transplantability of HSPCs. We used a battery of functional assays to evaluate the capacity of HSPCs with markedly different c-Kit expression levels to be transplanted. Surprisingly, our experiments testing the homing of transplanted HSPCs to bone marrow of recipient mice and their short-term and long-term engraftment did not reveal any defects in HSPCs with severely reduced numbers of c-Kit receptor molecules. This unexpected result can be ascribed to the fact that HSPCs exposed to SCF replace the consumed c-Kit receptors rapidly. This article demonstrates that exposure of HSPCs to SCF and diminished number of c-Kit receptors in their cell membranes do not compromise the capacity of HSPCs to reconstitute damaged hematopoietic tissue.

Keywords: Bone marrow transplantation; Hematopoietic stem cell; Irradiation; Stem cell factor; c-Kit receptor.