Allergic Rhinitis: Mechanisms and Treatment

Abstract

The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (AR) has been estimated at 10% to 40%, and its economic burden is substantial. AR patients develop specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibody responses to indoor and outdoor environmental allergens with exposure over time. These specific IgE antibodies bind to high-affinity IgE receptors on mast cells and basophils. Key outcome measures of therapeutic interventions include rhinitis symptom control, rescue medication requirements, and quality-of-life measures. A comprehensive multiple modality treatment plan customized to the individual patient can optimize outcomes.

Keywords: Allergic rhinitis treatment; Intranasal antihistamines; Intranasal corticosteroids; Leukotrienes; Mechanisms; Subcutaneous immunotherapy; Treatment.