HIV-TB co-infection: mechanisms that drive reactivation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV infection

Oral Dis. 2016 Apr:22 Suppl 1:53-60. doi: 10.1111/odi.12390.

Abstract

HIV infection predisposes the host to tuberculosis by impairing the hosts' immune system principally by killing and altering CD4 T-cell function. How HIV infection disrupts CD4 T-cell function, which specifically compromises host immunity to Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is poorly understood and is a critical roadblock in developing better vaccine- or immune-based strategies to control and monitor TB in HIV-infected subjects. This review considers key pathways that are altered in HIV-infected subjects that impair anti-TB immunity.

Keywords: CD4 T cell; HIV; Interferon; Tuberculosis; reactivation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • CD4 Lymphocyte Count
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / chemistry
  • CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology*
  • Coinfection / blood
  • Coinfection / immunology*
  • HIV Infections / blood
  • HIV Infections / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Interferon Type I / immunology*
  • Latent Tuberculosis / immunology*
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / physiology
  • Th17 Cells / immunology
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / immunology*

Substances

  • Interferon Type I