Repeatability of vascular responsiveness measures derived from near-infrared spectroscopy

Abstract

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)-derived measures of tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) have been recently shown to significantly correlate with the widely used method for noninvasively assessing vascular endothelial function, flow-mediated dilation (FMD). The purpose of this study was to examine the intraday and interday reliability of the reperfusion slope of StO2 (slope 2 StO2) and compare it to FMD Ultrasound-derived FMD was quantified following 5 min of distal cuff occlusion of the popliteal artery in nine healthy young men (26 ± 3 years). An FMD test was performed each of 4 days, with a fifth involving three tests. FMD was calculated as the greatest percent change in diameter from baseline (%FMD). StO2 was measured using NIRS throughout each test, with slope 2 StO2 being calculated as the upslope of 10-sec following cuff release. Reliability was determined using repeatability, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and coefficient of variation (CV). Repeatability of slope 2 StO2 was better than %FMD for both intraday (0.43 and 5.65, respectively) and interday (0.48 and 4.82, respectively) comparisons; approximately 30% of mean values for slope 2 StO2 could be attributed to measurement error, whereas 100% of mean FMD could be for both intraday and interday comparisons. Similarly, ICC and CV values indicated stronger reliability of slope 2 StO2 compared to %FMD for both intraday (ICC 0.92 and 0.36, respectively; CV 9 ± 4% and 44 ± 24%, respectively) and interday (ICC 0.94 and 0.25, respectively; CV 14 ± 5% and 40 ± 22%, respectively) comparisons. In conclusion, NIRS-derived slope 2 StO2 can be used as a reliable measure of vascular reactivity.

Keywords: Day‐to‐day reliability; endothelial function; oxygen saturation; reactive hyperemia; test‐to‐test reliability; vasodilation.

Figure 1

(A) Group average tissue oxygen saturation profile for three vascular occlusion tests performed within the same day; (B) Group mean values for slope 2 StO₂ each day are represented by the thick black lines, with each open circle and connecting line representing an individual subject.

Figure 2

(A) Group average tissue oxygen saturation profile for each of five vascular occlusion tests performed on separate days; (B) Group mean values for slope 2 StO₂ each day are represented by the thick black lines, with each open circle and connecting line representing an individual subject.

Figure 3

(A) Group mean values for each of three FMD tests performed in a single day are represented by the thick black lines, with each open circle and gray line representing an individual subject; (B) Group mean values and individual data for each of five FMD tests performed across 5 days.