Di-Calcium Phosphate and Phytosphingosine as an Innovative Acid-Resistant Treatment to Occlude Dentine Tubules

Caries Res. 2016;50(3):303-9. doi: 10.1159/000445444. Epub 2016 May 14.

Abstract

The present investigation evaluated the ability of an experimental di-calcium phosphate (DCP) desensitising agent used alone or combined with phytosphingosine (PHS) to occlude dentine tubules and resist a citric acid (CA) or artificial saliva (AS) challenge. Three groups of human dentine specimens (DS) were treated with the following: (1) PHS alone, (2) DCP or (3) a combination of PHS and DCP. Dentine hydraulic conductance of DS was evaluated using a digital flow sensor at 6.9 kPa. The average fluid volume for each of the treated DS was used to calculate the total dentine permeability reduction (%P) prior to and following CA immersion for 1 min or AS immersion for 4 weeks. The treated DS were subjected to both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis. Statistically significant differences (%P) were identified between the groups by ANOVA and Fisher's multiple comparison test (p < 0.05), respectively. Interestingly, both PHS and DCP appeared to work synergistically. DS treated with DCP or PHS/DCP demonstrated a significant reduction (%P) prior to and following CA or AS challenge (p < 0.05). Both the SEM and FTIR analyses showed consistent brushite crystals occluding the dentine tubules. Conversely, the application of PHS alone failed to demonstrate any significant reduction of dentine permeability (p > 0.05) or show any evidence of occlusion of the dentine tubules. DCP can be used alone or combined with PHS to decrease the dentine permeability as well as to resist a CA and AS challenge. These results would, therefore, suggest that DCP may be a suitable treatment option for dentine hypersensitivity.

MeSH terms

  • Analysis of Variance
  • Calcium Phosphates / pharmacology*
  • Calcium Phosphates / therapeutic use
  • Citric Acid / pharmacology
  • Dentin / drug effects*
  • Dentin / ultrastructure
  • Dentin Desensitizing Agents / pharmacology*
  • Dentin Desensitizing Agents / therapeutic use
  • Dentin Permeability / drug effects
  • Dentin Sensitivity / drug therapy*
  • Drug Synergism
  • Humans
  • Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
  • Saliva, Artificial / pharmacology
  • Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
  • Sphingosine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Sphingosine / pharmacology
  • Sphingosine / therapeutic use
  • Time Factors

Substances

  • Calcium Phosphates
  • Dentin Desensitizing Agents
  • Saliva, Artificial
  • Citric Acid
  • phytosphingosine
  • calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous
  • Sphingosine
  • calcium phosphate, dibasic, dihydrate