Preclinical Medical Students' Diverse Educational and Emotional Responses to a Required Hospice Experience

Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2017 Sep;34(8):704-712. doi: 10.1177/1049909116652574. Epub 2016 May 27.

Abstract

Background: Physicians' lack of comfort and skill in communicating about hospice care results in deficits and delays in hospice referrals. Preclinical exposure to hospice may lay a foundation to improve medical students' knowledge and comfort with hospice care.

Objective: To understand how preclinical medical student (MS)-2s respond both educationally and emotionally to a required hospice care experience (HCE).

Design: Accompanied by hospice clinicians, MS-2s spent 3 hours seeing inpatient or home hospice patients followed by a 1-hour debriefing. Students submitted written reflections to e-mailed educational and emotional prompts.

Setting/patients: Two hundred and two MS-2s from 2 academic cohorts completed the HCE at 1 of 2 hospice sites.

Measurements: Written reflective responses were analyzed qualitatively, where salient themes extracted and responses were coded.

Results: Ninety-two students submitted 175 responses to Prompt #1 (educational impact) and 85 students entered 85 responses to prompt #2 (emotional impact) of the HCE. Eleven themes were identified for prompt #1, most frequently focusing on hospice services and goals and hospice providers' attitudes and skills. Prompt #2 elicited a diverse spectrum of emotional responses, spanning positive and negative emotions. Most often, students reported "no specified emotional reaction," "sad/depressed," "difficult /challenging," "heartened/encouraged," and "mixed emotions."

Conclusion: In an HCE, preclinical students reported learning core aspects of hospice care and experiencing a broad spectrum of emotional responses. These findings may assist educators in the planning of HCEs for preclinical students, including debriefing sessions with skilled clinicians and opportunities for triggered reflection.

Keywords: emotional response; hospice care; medical education; preclinical students; reflective writing.

MeSH terms

  • Attitude of Health Personnel*
  • Education, Medical, Undergraduate
  • Emotions*
  • Female
  • Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
  • Hospice Care / psychology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Qualitative Research
  • Students, Medical / psychology*