Recently there are increasing evidence of the existence of an immune-mediated endothelial-cell injury in the acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD). Endothelial cells are an important target in the process of GVHD immune attacking, and vascular end thelial injure is an early event of tissue injury caused by aGVHD after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Biomarkers for endothelial damage were consisted with endothelia injury, which may be considered a valuable marker to confirm GVHD diagnosis. The endothelial cell phenotype differs between organs, which results in organ-dependent differences for the involved organs when GVHD occurring. Although the endothelial cells play an impartant tole in process of aGVHD occurence, a further research to better characterize its role in allo-HSCT is needed. This review focusses on the research progress of aGVHD after allo-HSCT and endothelial-cell injury, as well as is markers so as to provide corresponding strategies and targets for the prevent and treatment of a GVHD.