Subcutaneous Injection Volume of Biopharmaceuticals-Pushing the Boundaries

J Pharm Sci. 2016 Aug;105(8):2255-9. doi: 10.1016/j.xphs.2016.05.029. Epub 2016 Jul 1.

Abstract

Administration into the subcutaneous (SC) tissue is a typical route of delivery for therapeutic proteins, especially for frequent treatments, long-term regimens, or self-administration. It is currently believed that the maximum volume for SC injections is approximately 1.5 mL. Larger SC injection volumes are considered to be associated with injection pain and adverse events at the injection site. However, no controlled clinical studies and actual evidence exist to support this assumption. In this review, we discuss current and publically available data related to SC administration volumes. We conclude that injection volumes higher than 3.5 mL are worth exploring if required for the development of efficacious drug treatments. Studying tissue back pressure, injection site leakage, local tolerability, and injection-related adverse events, such as injection pain, should be considered for the development of higher SC injection volumes.

Keywords: combination products; health care; hypodermis; injection pain; injection volume; subcutaneous injection.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue / drug effects
  • Adipose Tissue / physiology
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / administration & dosage*
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal / chemistry
  • Humans
  • Injection Site Reaction* / prevention & control
  • Injections, Subcutaneous / adverse effects
  • Injections, Subcutaneous / methods*
  • Maximum Tolerated Dose
  • Pain* / prevention & control
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations / administration & dosage*
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations / chemistry
  • Skin / drug effects
  • Skin Physiological Phenomena / drug effects
  • Subcutaneous Tissue / drug effects
  • Subcutaneous Tissue / physiology

Substances

  • Antibodies, Monoclonal
  • Pharmaceutical Preparations