Effects of the DASH-JUMP dietary intervention in Japanese participants with high-normal blood pressure and stage 1 hypertension: an open-label single-arm trial

Abstract

The Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is recommended by the American Heart Association to lower blood pressure (BP); however, its effects in Japanese participants have not been rigorously studied. We assessed the effects of the DASH-Japan Ube Modified diet Program (DASH-JUMP), a modified DASH diet, on cardiometabolic and inflammatory biomarkers in Japanese participants with untreated high-normal BP or stage 1 hypertension. Fifty-eight participants (30 men and 28 women; mean age 54.1±8.1 years) with untreated high-normal BP or stage 1 hypertension followed the DASH-JUMP (salt 8.0 g per day) for 2 months. After the intervention period, they resumed their usual diets for 4 months. The DASH-JUMP significantly decreased the participants' body mass index values (24.6±3.5 kg m^-2 at baseline23.2±3.3 kg m^-2 at 2 months, P=0.000), BP (153±14/91±11 mm Hg at baseline130±16/80±9 mm Hg at 2 months, P=0.000 and 139±16/85±10 mm Hg at 6 months, P=0.000), fasting serum glucose level (100±26 mg dl^-194±15 mg dl^-1 at 2 months, P=0.003) and fasting insulin level (6.9±5.9 μIU ml^-14.4±2.7 μIU ml^-1 at 2 months, P=0.000). The mean compliance of the participants for the DASH-JUMP diet was 88.5%. The DASH-JUMP diet reduced cardiovascular risk factors and may be an effective nutritional strategy for preventing cardiovascular events.