The centerpiece of evidence-based medicine is the randomized controlled trial, a rigorous experiment. We use the study by Roozeboom et al. to illustrate how research guides clinical decisions. We describe levels of evidence, review criteria for assessing a trial regarding noninferiority of a therapy, and discuss challenges for evidence-based medicine in guiding care precisely targeted to an individual patient.
Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.