Removal of the 5-nitro-2-pyridine-sulfenyl protecting group from selenocysteine and cysteine by ascorbolysis

J Pept Sci. 2016 Sep;22(9):571-6. doi: 10.1002/psc.2908. Epub 2016 Aug 2.

Abstract

We previously reported on a method for the facile removal of 4-methoxybenzyl and acetamidomethyl protecting groups from cysteine (Cys) and selenocysteine (Sec) using 2,2'-dithiobis-5-nitropyridine dissolved in trifluoroacetic acid, with or without thioanisole. The use of this reaction mixture removes the protecting group and replaces it with a 2-thio(5-nitropyridyl) (5-Npys) group. This results in either a mixed selenosulfide bond or disulfide bond (depending on the use of Sec or Cys), which can subsequently be reduced by thiolysis. A major disadvantage of thiolysis is that excess thiol must be used to drive the reaction to completion and then removed before using the Cys-containing or Sec-containing peptide in further applications. Here, we report a further advancement of this method as we have found that ascorbate at pH 4.5 and 25 °C will reduce the selenosulfide to the selenol. Ascorbolysis of the mixed disulfide between Cys and 5-Npys is much less efficient but can be accomplished at higher concentrations of ascorbate at pH 7 and 37 °C with extended reaction times. We envision that our improved method will allow for in situ reactions with alkylating agents and electrophiles without the need for further purification, as well as a number of other applications. Copyright © 2016 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Keywords: ascorbate; cysteine; deprotection; disulfide; orthogonal; protecting group; selenocysteine.

MeSH terms

  • Ascorbic Acid / chemistry*
  • Cysteine / chemistry*
  • Disulfides / chemistry*
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Hydrolysis
  • Pyridines / chemistry*
  • Selenocysteine / chemistry*
  • Time Factors
  • Trifluoroacetic Acid / chemistry

Substances

  • Disulfides
  • Pyridines
  • Selenocysteine
  • Trifluoroacetic Acid
  • Cysteine
  • Ascorbic Acid