Intermittent At-Home Suctioning of Esophageal Content for Prevention of Recurrent Aspiration Pneumonia in 4 Dogs with Megaesophagus

J Vet Intern Med. 2016 Sep;30(5):1715-1719. doi: 10.1111/jvim.14527. Epub 2016 Aug 2.

Abstract

Background: Megaesophagus carries a poor to guarded prognosis due to death from aspiration pneumonia. Options for medical management of regurgitation are limited to strategic oral or gastrostomy tube feeding.

Objectives: To describe the use and efficacy of intermittent esophageal suctioning to prevent regurgitation and associated episodes of aspiration pneumonia in dogs with megaesophagus.

Animals: Four dogs with acquired idiopathic megaesophagus and recurrent aspiration pneumonia.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of dogs with megaesophagus in which intermittent suctioning of esophageal content was employed for management of recurrent aspiration pneumonia.

Results: Intermittent suctioning of the esophagus was initiated in 4 dogs after failure of strict gastrostomy tube feeding failed to prevent regurgitation and repeated episodes of aspiration pneumonia. Suctioning was accomplished by esophagostomy tube in 3 dogs and per os in 1 dog. After initiation of esophageal suctioning, dogs survived for a median of 13.5 additional months (range, 10-30 months) during which time 2 dogs had no additional episodes of aspiration pneumonia and 2 dogs had infrequent episodes of pneumonia, but aspiration was suspected to be a contributing factor in their death. Complications included clogging of the esophagostomy tube, esophagostomy site infections, and esophagitis.

Conclusions and clinical importance: Use of intermittent esophageal suctioning in dogs with megaesophagus that continue to regurgitate despite gastrostomy tube feedings can reduce or abolish clinical episodes of aspiration pneumonia.

Keywords: Esophagostomy; Regurgitation.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Catheters, Indwelling
  • Dog Diseases / etiology
  • Dog Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Dogs
  • Enteral Nutrition
  • Esophageal Achalasia / complications
  • Esophageal Achalasia / veterinary*
  • Female
  • Male
  • Pneumonia, Aspiration / etiology
  • Pneumonia, Aspiration / prevention & control
  • Pneumonia, Aspiration / veterinary*
  • Recurrence
  • Suction / methods*
  • Survival Analysis