Background: Patients who are receiving immunosuppressive treatment after kidney transplantation are at greater risk of developing new-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT). New biochemical markers that may contribute to a better assessment of the prognosis of renal failure for patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM) are needed. The aim of this study was to assess selected proinflammatory markers in patients after kidney transplantation depending on the prevalence of DM and to evaluate the predictive value of these cytokines.
Methods: A total of 82 patients were divided into 3 groups after kidney transplantation and were included in the analysis: group I, no DM; group II, DM diagnosed before transplantation; and group III, NODAT. Selected marker levels (platelet-derived growth factor, transforming growth factor β1, tumor necrosis factor receptor II [TNF-RII], and high-sensitivity interleukin-6 [IL-6 HS]) were assessed by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. For summary endpoint, a return to dialysis treatment and/or death of the patient was adopted.
Results: Patients with NODAT were characterized by higher levels of IL-6 HS and body mass index. There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of other assessed markers among the 3 analyzed groups. The summary endpoint was observed in 16 cases (19.5%). Patients with summary endpoint during the observation time at baseline had higher levels of TNF-RII (7180 vs 4632 pg/mL; P = .0002) and IL-6 HS (4.58 vs 2.72 pg/mL; P = .033).
Conclusions: Levels of inflammatory markers in patients after kidney transplantation did not differ between groups with and without DM. In the study population, DM was not a significant risk factor for graft loss or death. Patients who experienced these complications at baseline were characterized by higher values of TNF-RII and IL-6 HS.
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