Body dysmorphic disorder in different settings: A systematic review and estimated weighted prevalence

Body Image. 2016 Sep:18:168-86. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.07.003. Epub 2016 Aug 4.

Abstract

Our aim was to systematically review the prevalence of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) in a variety of settings. Weighted prevalence estimate and 95% confidence intervals in each study were calculated. The weighted prevalence of BDD in adults in the community was estimated to be 1.9%; in adolescents 2.2%; in student populations 3.3%; in adult psychiatric inpatients 7.4%; in adolescent psychiatric inpatients 7.4%; in adult psychiatric outpatients 5.8%; in general cosmetic surgery 13.2%; in rhinoplasty surgery 20.1%; in orthognathic surgery 11.2%; in orthodontics/cosmetic dentistry settings 5.2%; in dermatology outpatients 11.3%; in cosmetic dermatology outpatients 9.2%; and in acne dermatology clinics 11.1%. Women outnumbered men in the majority of settings but not in cosmetic or dermatological settings. BDD is common in some psychiatric and cosmetic settings but is poorly identified.

Keywords: Body dysmorphic disorder; Epidemiology; Prevalence; Screening.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Body Dysmorphic Disorders / epidemiology
  • Body Dysmorphic Disorders / psychology*
  • Body Image / psychology
  • Cross-Cultural Comparison
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Dermatology / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mass Screening / statistics & numerical data
  • Medicine / statistics & numerical data*
  • Middle Aged
  • Referral and Consultation / statistics & numerical data
  • Rhinoplasty / psychology
  • Rhinoplasty / statistics & numerical data
  • Surgery, Plastic / psychology
  • Surgery, Plastic / statistics & numerical data
  • Young Adult