Transcriptional regulation of E-cadherin by small activating RNA: A new double-stranded RNA

Int J Oncol. 2016 Oct;49(4):1620-8. doi: 10.3892/ijo.2016.3643. Epub 2016 Aug 3.

Abstract

Recent studies have reported that chemically synthesized small activating RNA (saRNA) targeting the promoter regions of a gene can activate its expression in different cell lines. This technique can be a powerful therapeutic method for diseases caused by complete inactivation or reduced expression of specific genes. E-cadherin is a typical tumor suppressor gene. Loss of E-cadherin mediates the transition from benign lesions to invasive, metastatic cancer. In this study, several 21-nt small double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) targeting the promoter regions of human E-cadherin were designed and synthesized and the features of their function were investigated to study the regulatory role of dsRNA on E-cadherin expression. A new saRNA (dsEcad‑661) that can enhance E-cadherin expression by targeting non-coding regulatory regions in gene promoters was identified. Using dsRNA with modified base quantity and cholesterol-conjugated dsRNA, we found the antisense strand may be the guide strand of saRNA in the upregulation of E-cadherin. These findings provide several important pieces of evidence that may improve understanding of the function of saRNA and may promote its development for clinical application.

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, CD
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Blotting, Western
  • Cadherins / genetics*
  • Cadherins / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / genetics*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic*
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • Male
  • Microscopy, Fluorescence
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • RNA, Double-Stranded / genetics*
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Regulatory Elements, Transcriptional / genetics
  • Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured

Substances

  • Antigens, CD
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • CDH1 protein, human
  • Cadherins
  • RNA, Double-Stranded
  • RNA, Messenger