Myc requires RhoA/SRF to reprogram glutamine metabolism

Small GTPases. 2018 May 4;9(3):274-282. doi: 10.1080/21541248.2016.1224287. Epub 2016 Sep 20.

Abstract

RhoA regulates actin cytoskeleton but recent evidence suggest a role for this conserved Rho GTPase also in other cellular processes, including transcriptional control of cell proliferation and survival. Interestingy, loss of RhoA is synthetic lethal with oncogenic Myc, a master transcription factor that turns on anabolic metabolism to promote cell growth in many cancers. We show evidence indicating that the synthetic lethal interaction between RhoA loss and Myc arises from deficiency in glutamine utilization, resulting from impaired co-regulation of glutaminase expression and anaplerosis by Myc and RhoA - serum response factor (SRF) pathway. The results suggest metabolic coordination between Myc and RhoA/SRF in sustaining cancer cell viability and indicate RhoA/SRF as a potential vulnerability in cancer cells for therapeutic targeting.

Keywords: Myc; RhoA; SRF; apoptosis; breast cancer; glutamine metabolism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Glutamine / metabolism*
  • Humans
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / metabolism*
  • Serum Response Factor / metabolism*
  • rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / metabolism*

Substances

  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc
  • Serum Response Factor
  • Glutamine
  • rhoA GTP-Binding Protein

Grants and funding

This work was funded by the Academy of Finland, TEKES and Finnish Cancer Organizations, H.M.H was funded by Integrative Life Sciences (ILS) doctoral program, Emil Aaltonen foundation and Inkeri & Mauri Vänskä foundation.