Ratings of Broader Autism Phenotype and Personality Traits in Optimal Outcomes from Autism Spectrum Disorder

J Autism Dev Disord. 2016 Nov;46(11):3505-3518. doi: 10.1007/s10803-016-2868-4.

Abstract

The study examines whether "optimal outcome" (OO) children, despite no longer meeting diagnostic criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), exhibit personality traits often found in those with ASD. Nine zero acquaintance raters evaluated Broader Autism Phenotype (BAP) and Big Five personality traits of 22 OO individuals, 27 high functioning individuals with ASD (HFA), and 23 typically developing (TD) peers. HFA children displayed higher ratings than their peers on all BAP traits. OO were indistinguishable from TD, with the exception of greater extraversion (e.g., increased talkativeness), a potential tendency to be less emotionally stable, and pragmatic language deficits such as getting sidetracked in conversation. Overall, OO individuals are not showing BAP characteristics, but may be subject to other mild ADHD-like characteristics.

Keywords: Autism; Broader autism phenotype; Optimal; Outcome; Personality.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Asperger Syndrome / diagnosis
  • Asperger Syndrome / psychology*
  • Asperger Syndrome / rehabilitation*
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder / diagnosis
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder / psychology*
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder / rehabilitation*
  • Autistic Disorder / diagnosis
  • Autistic Disorder / psychology*
  • Autistic Disorder / rehabilitation*
  • Character*
  • Child
  • Communication
  • Extraversion, Psychological
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Personality Assessment / statistics & numerical data
  • Phenotype*
  • Psychometrics