Analysis of Postdoctoral Training Outcomes That Broaden Participation in Science Careers

Abstract

Postdoctoral training is an optimal time to expand research skills, develop independence, and shape career trajectories, making this training period important to study in the context of career development. Seeding Postdoctoral Innovators in Research and Education (SPIRE) is a training program that balances research, teaching, and professional development. This study examines the factors that promote the transition of postdocs into academic careers and increase diversity in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics. Data indicate that SPIRE scholars (n = 77) transition into faculty positions at three times the national average with a greater proportion of underrepresented racial minorities (URMs) and females represented among SPIRE scholars. Logistic regression models indicate that significant predictors are the intended career track at the start of the postdoctoral training and the number of publications. Factors necessary for successful transition are teaching experience as independent instructors, professional development opportunities, and the experience of balancing teaching with research. Scholars' continued commitment to increasing diversity in their faculty roles was demonstrated by their attainment of tenure-track positions at minority-serving institutions, continued mentorship of URMs, and engagement with diversity initiatives. These results suggest that a postdoctoral program structured to include research, teaching, and diversity inclusion facilitates attainment of desired academic positions with sustained impacts on broadening participation.

Figure 1.

Distribution of the number of publications as a function of type of career position. Mean indicated by horizontal bar. F/URM/D, female, underrepresented racial minority, and/or disability status. Comparison of number of publications between non–tenure-track outcome and tenure-track outcomes approached significance (ANOVA, F = 3.25, p = 0.075).

Figure 2.

Analysis of number of job applications submitted (A) and percent of positions attained (B) pre- and post-2008 economic downturn. (A) Pre-2008, n = 15; post-2008, n = 26. Dashed line represents mean number of publications. Error bars indicate SEM. Gender, URM status, and WRM vs. an inclusive diversity status (F/URM/D) were used as categories for comparison. (B) Career position outcomes: n = 35 scholars in pre-2008 group; n = 42 scholars in post-2008 group. Other = industry, academic administrative positions, and non–science employment. Difference in the percentage of positions obtained by type between pre- and post-2008 was not significant (χ² = 2.31, p = 0.13).