OSU53 Rescues Human OB-6 Osteoblastic Cells from Dexamethasone through Activating AMPK Signaling

PLoS One. 2016 Sep 15;11(9):e0162694. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0162694. eCollection 2016.

Abstract

Excessive dexamethasone (Dex) application causes osteoblast cell death, which could lead to osteoporosis or osteonecrosis. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation is shown to protect osteoblasts/osteoblastic cells from Dex. In this report, we tested the potential effect of OSU53, a novel AMPK activator, in Dex-treated osteoblastic cells. We show that OSU53 activated AMPK signaling in human OB-6 osteoblastic cells. Further, Dex-induced osteoblastic OB-6 cell death and apoptosis were largely attenuated with pre-treatment with OSU53. OSU53 was more efficient than other known AMPK activators (A-769662 and Compound 13) in protecting OB-6 cells against Dex. AMPK activation is required for OSU53-induced actions in OB-6 cells. AMPKα shRNA knockdown or dominant-negative mutation (dn-AMPKα T172A) almost completely blocked OSU53-induced AMPK activation and OB-6 cell protection against Dex. Further studies showed that OSU53 increased NADPH (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) activity and alleviated Dex-induced oxidative stress in OB-6 cells. Such effects by OSU53 were again almost abolished with AMPKα shRNA or dn-AMPKα in OB-6 cells. Together, these results demonstrate that OSU53 protects osteoblastic cells from Dex possibly via activating AMPK-dependent signaling.

MeSH terms

  • Adenylate Kinase / metabolism*
  • Benzenesulfonamides
  • Dexamethasone / pharmacology*
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Enzyme Activators / pharmacology*
  • Humans
  • Osteoblasts / cytology
  • Osteoblasts / drug effects*
  • Osteoblasts / enzymology
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects*
  • Sulfonamides / pharmacology*
  • Thiazolidinediones / pharmacology*

Substances

  • Adenylate Kinase
  • Dexamethasone
  • Enzyme Activators
  • Sulfonamides
  • Thiazolidinediones
  • N-(4-(3-(1-methyl-cyclohexylmethyl)-2,4-dioxothiazolidin-5-ylidenemethyl)phenyl)-4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylbenzenesulfonamide
  • Benzenesulfonamides