Effect of corneal cross-linking on contact lens tolerance in keratoconus

Clin Exp Optom. 2017 Jul;100(4):369-374. doi: 10.1111/cxo.12470. Epub 2016 Sep 22.

Abstract

Background: The aim was to investigate changes in corneal sensation and rigid gas-permeable (RGP) contact lens tolerance after corneal cross-linking (CXL) on patients with keratoconus.

Methods: Thirty eyes of 30 patients, who were RGP lens intolerant, were treated with CXL. The main outcome measures were corneal sensation evaluation by Cochet-Bonnet esthesiometry, sub-basal nerve fibre assessment by corneal in vivo confocal microscopy and RGP contact lens tolerance evaluation with the Likert scale and wearing time. All eyes were evaluated preoperatively and post-operatively at one, three and six months after CXL procedure.

Results: The mean age was 25.3 ± 6.2 years. Preoperatively, the maximum keratometry (Kmax) in study eyes was 56.89 ± 4.60 D. Six months after CXL, it reduced to 56.03 ± 4.85 D (p = 0.01). Preoperative mean corneal sensation was 0.44 ± 0.05 g/mm2 , (range: 0.40 to 0.55); it was significantly decreased at the first month and increased to preoperative values after six months. The sub-basal nerve plexus could not be visualised in 90 per cent of the patients by confocal microscopy at one month post-operatively. Gradual restoration of corneal innervation with almost similar preoperative levels at post-operative month six was noted. There were significant differences in Likert scores between preoperative and third and sixth months after CXL. Likert scale scores correlated significantly with corneal sensitivity.

Conclusion: It can be concluded that increased RGP contact lens tolerance after CXL may be associated with the potential role of decreased corneal sensitivity and corneal flattening after CXL.

Keywords: corneal cross-linking; keratoconus; rigid gas-permeable contact lens; tolerance.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Child
  • Collagen / pharmacology*
  • Contact Lenses*
  • Cornea / innervation*
  • Cornea / pathology
  • Corneal Topography
  • Cross-Linking Reagents / pharmacology*
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Keratoconus / diagnosis
  • Keratoconus / drug therapy*
  • Keratoconus / physiopathology
  • Male
  • Microscopy, Confocal
  • Nerve Regeneration / drug effects
  • Ophthalmic Nerve / physiopathology*
  • Photochemotherapy / methods*
  • Sensation / physiology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ultraviolet Rays
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Cross-Linking Reagents
  • Collagen