Effects of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes on Proliferation and Differentiation Abilities of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissues

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2017 Jan;125(1):33-41. doi: 10.1055/s-0042-113460. Epub 2016 Sep 22.

Abstract

Introduction: Accumulated evidence indicates that there are intrinsic differences between adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) obtained from different body fat depots. Here, we compared the proliferation and multipotency of subcutaneous ASCs (SC-ASCs) and epididymal ASCs (ED-ASCs) before and after induction of diabetes by streptozotocin. Methods: The adipogenic and osteogenic abilities of rat SC-ASCs and ED-ASCs were evaluated using Oil Red O and Alizarin Red staining, respectively. The expression of adipocyte (PPAR-γ, LPL) and osteoblast (ALP, SPP1) specific mRNAs was evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR. MTT test was used for determination of cell proliferation capacity. Results: The proliferation of SC-ASCs was higher than ED-ASCs, both before and after diabetes induction (P<0.05). Diabetes increased the proliferative capability of SC-ASCs (P<0.05) but not ED-ASCs. Before diabetes, both adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation of SC-ASCs were higher than ED-ASCs (P<0.05). After diabetes, both SC-ASCs and ED-ASCs were able to differentiate into adipocyte and osteoblast, but the levels of differentiation were higher in SC-ASCs than in ED-ASCs (P<0.05). Diabetes decreased the expression of PPAR-γ and LPL, but increased the SPP1 and ALP expression in both SC-ASCs and ED-ASCs. Conclusion: Our data suggested that diabetes increases the proliferation of ASCs but decreases their adipogenic differentiation. Also, SC-ASCs have higher proliferation and differentiation abilities than ED-ASCs in normal and diabetic conditions so can be more preferable for cell therapy.

MeSH terms

  • Alkaline Phosphatase / biosynthesis
  • Animals
  • Cell Differentiation*
  • Cell Proliferation*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / metabolism*
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / pathology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / metabolism*
  • Intra-Abdominal Fat / pathology
  • Lipoprotein Lipase / biosynthesis
  • Male
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / metabolism*
  • Mesenchymal Stem Cells / pathology
  • Osteopontin / biosynthesis
  • PPAR gamma / biosynthesis
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Subcutaneous Fat / metabolism*
  • Subcutaneous Fat / pathology

Substances

  • PPAR gamma
  • Spp1 protein, rat
  • Osteopontin
  • Lipoprotein Lipase
  • Alkaline Phosphatase