Results of common femoral artery thromboendarterectomy evaluation of a traditional surgical management in the endovascular era

J Vasc Surg. 2016 Oct;64(4):995-1001. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2016.04.036.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term outcome of common femoral artery thromboendarterectomy in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease.

Methods: The study retrospectively evaluated 713 vessels in 655 patients (75% male; mean age, 69.4 ± 9.5 years) who underwent common femoral thromboendarterectomy from January 2006 until May 2012 in two high-volume vascular centers. Critical limb ischemia was present in 221 patients, and intermittent claudication was present in 434. Three patent tibial arteries, described as runoff vessels, were available in 33% of the cohort, two were present in 28.3%, one runoff vessel was present in 23.4%, and 15.2% (n = 102) showed no runoff option. Hybrid procedures were used to treat 255 limbs (35.8%). The primary end point was primary patency (PP). Secondary patency (SP), limb salvage, and survival were the secondary end points.

Results: Survival rates were 93.9%, 83.0%, 74.1%, and 60.1% at 1, 3, 5, and 7 years, respectively. PP was 78.5% and SP was 89.1% at 7 years. Patency rates were 97.3% (PP) and 97.8% (SP) at 6 months and 90.2% (PP) and 98.3% (SP) at 3 years, respectively, with 76 target lesion revascularizations. No significant difference was demonstrated for PP rates stratified for nonhybrid procedures and hybrid procedures (78.1% vs 78.6%; P = .22) and for critical limb ischemia vs intermittent claudication (76.3% vs 79.4%; P = .20) at 7 years. The mean ± standard deviation ankle-brachial index increased from 0.46 ± 0.3 preoperatively to 0.81 ± 0.2 postoperatively and to 0.77 ± 0.3 at 7 years (P < .001). A total of 20 major amputations were performed, achieving a limb salvage rate of 92.6%. Procedure-related complications occurred in 11.5% during 7 years of follow-up.

Conclusions: Open surgery for common femoral artery stenosis is safe and effective in the long-term. Endovascular therapy will need to compete with these excellent results.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Amputation, Surgical
  • Ankle Brachial Index
  • Critical Illness
  • Endarterectomy* / adverse effects
  • Endarterectomy* / mortality
  • Femoral Artery / diagnostic imaging
  • Femoral Artery / physiopathology
  • Femoral Artery / surgery*
  • Germany
  • Hospitals, High-Volume
  • Humans
  • Intermittent Claudication / diagnostic imaging
  • Intermittent Claudication / mortality
  • Intermittent Claudication / physiopathology
  • Intermittent Claudication / surgery*
  • Ischemia / diagnostic imaging
  • Ischemia / mortality
  • Ischemia / physiopathology
  • Ischemia / surgery*
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Limb Salvage
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / mortality
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / physiopathology
  • Peripheral Arterial Disease / surgery*
  • Reoperation
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Survival Rate
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vascular Patency