Greater occipital nerve block in the treatment of triptan-overuse headache: A randomized comparative study

Acta Neurol Scand. 2017 Apr;135(4):426-433. doi: 10.1111/ane.12692. Epub 2016 Sep 26.

Abstract

Objectives: This study aims to investigate the efficiency of a single and repeated greater occipital nerve (GON) block using lidocaine in the treatment of triptan-overuse headache (TOH), whose importance has increased lately.

Materials and methods: In the study, 105 consecutive subjects diagnosed with TOH were evaluated. The subjects were randomized into three groups. In Group 1 (n=35), only triptan was abruptly withdrawn. In Group 2 (n=35), triptan was abruptly withdrawn and single GON block was performed. In Group 3 (n=35), triptan was abruptly withdrawn and three-stage GON block was performed. All patients were injected bilaterally with a total amount of 5 cc 1% lidocaine in each stage. During follow-up, the number of headache days per month, the severity of pain (VAS), the number of triptans used, and hsCRP and IL-6 levels were recorded three times; in the pretreatment period, in the second month post-treatment, and in the fourth month post-treatment. They were then compared.

Results: There was a statistically significant difference in the post-treatment fourth month in comparison with the pretreatment period in Group 3 (P<.05). Compared to Group 1, the number of headache days, VAS, and decrease in triptan need in Group 3 was statistically significant compared to Group 2 (P<.05). Compared to pretreatment, in the fourth month post-treatment, both hsCRP and IL-6 levels were lower only in Group 3 (P<.05).

Conclusions: We are of the opinion that repeated GON block in addition to the discontinuation of medication has significant efficacy for TOH cases.

Keywords: greater occipital nerve; medication overuse headache; migraine; occipital nerve block; triptan-overuse headache.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Anesthetics, Local / adverse effects
  • Anesthetics, Local / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Headache Disorders, Secondary / drug therapy*
  • Headache Disorders, Secondary / etiology
  • Humans
  • Lidocaine / adverse effects
  • Lidocaine / therapeutic use*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nerve Block / adverse effects
  • Nerve Block / methods*
  • Tryptamines / administration & dosage
  • Tryptamines / adverse effects*

Substances

  • Anesthetics, Local
  • Tryptamines
  • Lidocaine