δ and γ tocotrienols suppress human hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation via regulation of Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway-associated upstream signaling

Food Funct. 2016 Oct 12;7(10):4170-4174. doi: 10.1039/c6fo00826g.

Abstract

Tocotrienol (T3) has recently gained increasing interest due to its anti-cancer effect. Here, we investigated the modulating effect of δ and γ T3 on the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK oncogenic upstream signaling pathway in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells. The results indicated that T3 regulated the upstream signaling cascades of this pathway.

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects*
  • Chromans / chemistry
  • Chromans / pharmacology*
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / genetics
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / drug effects
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects*
  • Hep G2 Cells
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / metabolism
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / genetics
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects
  • Vitamin E / analogs & derivatives*
  • Vitamin E / chemistry
  • Vitamin E / pharmacology
  • raf Kinases / genetics
  • raf Kinases / metabolism*
  • ras Proteins / genetics
  • ras Proteins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Chromans
  • Vitamin E
  • tocotrienol, delta
  • plastochromanol 8
  • raf Kinases
  • Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases
  • ras Proteins