Nutrition Interventions in Chronic Kidney Disease

Med Clin North Am. 2016 Nov;100(6):1265-1283. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2016.06.008. Epub 2016 Sep 13.

Abstract

Dietary modification is recommended in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Individuals with CKD often have multiple comorbidities, such as high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular disease, for which dietary modification is also recommended. As CKD progresses, nutrition plays an important role in mitigating risk for cardiovascular disease and decline in kidney function. The objectives of nutrition interventions in CKD include management of risk factors, ensuring optimal nutritional status throughout all stages of CKD, preventing buildup of toxic metabolic products, and avoiding complications of CKD. Recommended dietary changes should be feasible, sustainable, and suited for patients' food preferences and clinical needs.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Interventions; Nutrition.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Body Weight
  • Calcium Carbonate / therapeutic use
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control*
  • Chelating Agents / therapeutic use
  • Diet*
  • Diet, Mediterranean
  • Dyslipidemias / prevention & control
  • Exercise
  • Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors / blood
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / prevention & control
  • Lanthanum / therapeutic use
  • Phosphorus, Dietary
  • Protein-Energy Malnutrition / prevention & control
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / complications
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / therapy*
  • Sodium, Dietary*
  • Water-Electrolyte Balance

Substances

  • Chelating Agents
  • Phosphorus, Dietary
  • Sodium, Dietary
  • lanthanum carbonate
  • Fibroblast Growth Factors
  • Lanthanum
  • Fibroblast Growth Factor-23
  • Calcium Carbonate