Albumin concentration and body weight are altered in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and change during the long treatment period, potentially affecting drug disposition. We here describe the pharmacokinetics (PKs) of the novel anti-TB drug bedaquiline and its metabolite M2 in 335 patients with MDR-TB receiving 24 weeks of bedaquiline on top of a longer individualized background regimen. Semiphysiological models were developed to characterize the changes in weight and albumin over time. Bedaquiline and M2 disposition were well described by three and one-compartment models, respectively. Weight and albumin were correlated, typically increasing after the start of treatment, and significantly affected bedaquiline and M2 plasma disposition. Additionally, age and race were significant covariates, whereas concomitant human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, sex, or having extensively drug-resistant TB was not. This is the first population model simultaneously characterizing bedaquiline and M2 PKs in its intended use population. The developed model will be used for efficacy and safety exposure-response analyses.
© 2016 The Authors CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.