Olfactory ensheathing cell tumor (OECT) is one of the most rare intracranial, extra-axial tumors located in the anterior cranial fossa. The present study reports a case of a 34-year-old female patient who presented with a history of hyposmia for 1 year, as well as a gradual dizziness and emotional lability for 2 months. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a globose, well-defined cystic mass at the midline of the anterior cranial fossa, which was confirmed as an OECT by histology and was completely resected by bifrontal craniotomy. According to the immunostaining results, the tumor was positive for vimentin and S100 protein, and negative for epithelial membrane antigen, glial fibrillary acidic protein and cluster of differentiation 57 (also known as Leu-7). The presentation, imaging findings, histopathological examination and histogenesis of OECT are discussed in the present study, along with a literature review.
Keywords: Leu-7 (cluster of differentiation 57); olfactory ensheathing cell tumor; olfactory ensheathing cells; olfactory groove meningioma; olfactory groove schwannoma.