Synthesis of the CYP24A1 major metabolite of 2α-[2-(tetrazol-2-yl)ethyl]-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3

Abstract

Previously, we found that 2α-[2-(tetrazol-2-yl)ethyl]-1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (AH-1) showed higher osteocalcin promoter transactivation activity in human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells and a greater therapeutic effect on ovariectomized (OVX) rats for enhancing bone mineral density than those of 1α,25(OH)₂D₃ without hypercalcemic side effects in vivo. Although CYP24A1 catalyzes multi-step oxidations toward the CD-ring side chain of the active vitamin D₃ [1α,25(OH)₂D₃], the CYP24A1-dependent metabolism of AH-1 tended to stop at the first step hydroxylation at the C24-position of AH-1. Interestingly, the metabolite 24-hydroxy-AH-1 [24(OH)AH-1] showed potent VDR binding affinity, and the new chiral center of the 24-position might be the 24R configuration compared with the process of the natural 1α,25(OH)₂D₃ catabolism. This time, (24R)-2α-[2-(tetrazol-2-yl)ethyl]-1α,24,25-trihydroxyvitamin D₃ [(24R-OH)AH-1] was synthesized as a candidate for the major metabolite of AH-1 using the Trost Pd-mediated coupling reaction between A-ring and CD-ring precursors to identify the metabolite and evaluate its biological activity. We confirmed that the CYP24A1-dependent major metabolite of AH-1 was (24R-OH)AH-1 by HPLC analyses.

Keywords: AH-1; CYP24A1; Metabolism; Synthesis; Vitamin D(3) analog.